According to estatelearning, Afghanistan is a landlocked country located in the heart of South-Central Asia. It is bordered by Iran to the west, Pakistan to the east and south, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan to the north and China to the far northeast. It has a total area of 652,230 sq km and a population of around 35 million people. The capital city of Afghanistan is Kabul, situated in the eastern part of the country. The terrain of Afghanistan is mostly mountainous with some plains and desert areas. The Hindu Kush mountain range runs through Afghanistan from east to west. The country also has many rivers including Amu Darya, Kabul River and Helmand River.
2001
The United States invades Afghanistan and installs its own sound state
Following the attack on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, the United States accused the Afghan Taliban of holding hands over Osama bin Laden, which the United States believed was behind the attack. The Afghan government asked the US to provide evidence of this claim before it would decide on an extradition of bin Laden, but this was rejected by the United States. Instead, the United States broke the United Nations charter when the superpower launched an attack war on Afghanistan on October 7 with the aim of overthrowing the Taliban regime. It succeeded well over 1½ months later. Partly by cash bribery of Afghan tribal chiefs, and partly by US air support for attacks carried out by the Northern Alliance, which for several years had fought the Taliban government in Kabul. A key condition for the victory was that the United States brought Afghanistan’s traditional allies Pakistan over to its side. To see more information other than history, please visit Abbreviationfinder to learn more about climate, population, government, and economy for the country of Afghanistan.
The war came to cost 5-6,000 civilians; Along the way, the US TV station bombed al Jazeerasoffice in Kabul; and the Northern Alliance violated the Geneva Convention when it – assisted by the United States – executed several thousand prisoners of war who had surrendered. Kabul fell in late November, and the United States inaugurated a new government on December 22, led by the Pashtun Hamid Karzai. At the same time, many Afghan refugees began to return to the country. However, the security situation is extremely uncertain. The new government has only security control over a small part of the country; most parts are ruled by local tribal chiefs; there are regular attacks on US politicians; and U.S. special forces are in constant war in the territories. Here, they receive aircraft support from other NATO countries. Among other things. Denmark, which in February 2003 made its first bombings of Afghan villages from F-16 aircraft. The situation was similar in many respects to that of the Soviet Union’s invasion of Afghanistan in December 1979. The United States did not catch Osama bin Laden, but drained its blind rage following the September 11 terrorist attack. Afghanistan today functions as an American colony where the majority of government ministers have US citizenship.
- Countryaah: Check to see the location of Afghanistan on the world map. Also covers major mountains, rivers and lakes in Afghanistan.
In July 2002, 50 civilians were killed and over 100 injured when a North American plane bombed a wedding at the southern city of Deh Rawud. Although Bush personally called President Karzai, Washington did not formally apologize for the war crime.
A few days later, Vice President Abdul Qadir and his driver were killed in a rain of bullets at the driveway of the Ministry of Public Works in Kabul. They failed to catch the assailants. In September, Karzai survived an assault attempt in Kandahar. The assailant was later identified as Abdul Rahman. He managed to fire 4 shots at the president’s car. Kandahar’s governor, Gul Agha Sherzai and a security guard were injured. The president’s North American military security guards responded to the fire, killing the assailant and another security guard. The attempted assault happened just hours after a car bomb exploded in Kabul and had killed at least 10.
Most of the country was ruled by powerful warlords without interference from the Karzai government or the US occupying forces. Karzai’s power was largely limited to the capital.
Despite the removal of the Taliban regime, the woman’s position remained very difficult. Especially outside Kabul, women are still being persecuted who want to work or study, girls are forced into forced marriages and many children – down to 4 years of age – are abducted to be sold as sex slaves or slave labor.
In order to relieve the US military, in August 2003 a NATO force was deployed in the country. It was the first NATO mission outside Europe in the 54-year history of the alliance. The mission was subject to a UN mandate.
In the same month, the UN and the Afghan government signed a voter registration agreement until the June 2004 presidential election. created teams of women to travel around to encourage women to register for voters.
In November 2003, a new draft constitution was presented to President Karzai and UN Special Envoy Lakhdar Brahimi. Following the proposal, Afghanistan will become an Islamic republic in which all citizens have equal rights. There are no direct references to Sharia or Islamic law, but it is stated that no laws may go against Islam. The draft constitution gives women a certain share of seats in parliament and the right to special considerations in education and health. Nevertheless, the draft was criticized by Amnesty International for not explicitly banning gender discrimination and for not explicitly recognizing equality between men and women.
In the face of the ever-worsening security situation, the UN ceased operations in Ghazni province in November after a UNHCR employee was killed. In December, a North American plane bombed a village in Ghazni province. 9 children and 1 adult were killed. The UN condemned the attack and demanded an immediate investigation into the events.
From the end of February to the beginning of March 2004, at least 6 employees of various humanitarian organizations were killed in Afghanistan. Apparently, the US military patrols preferred to move around the country in civilian cars to avoid attacks. This practice was strongly condemned by the humanitarian organizations because the resistance movement can no longer distinguish between the vehicles of the military patrol and humanitarian organizations.