Monaco’s history is closely associated with the Grimaldi nobility. Since 1297 this family has ruled the area as a principality, and for long periods with France as a protective power. Monaco became independent in 1861.
Older history
In Monaco, 300,000 year old traces of human settlement have been found in a cave. In ancient times, Monaco was a port and trading place for Phoenicians, Greeks and Romans.
From 980, Monaco belonged to the Genovese noble genus Grimaldi, and was founded as a Genovese colony in 1215. By the Péronne agreement between France and Monaco in 1641, Monaco became an autonomous principality under the French protectorate. When the Grimaldi lineage died in 1731, Monaco arrived by marriage in French ownership, but the new owners adopted the Grimaldi names and weapons.
From 1793 to 1814, the Principality came under direct French control, and was subsequently incorporated into the Kingdom of Sardinia from 1815 to 1861. From 1861 Monaco became allied with France and a Customs Union was established in 1865. To see more information other than history, please visit Abbreviationfinder to learn more about climate, population, government, and economy for the country of Monaco. The same year, income tax was settled thanks to the large revenue from the Monte Carlo gaming casino, established in 1858.
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Modern history
Until 1911, when a constitutional constitution was introduced, the prince reigned supreme. In 1943, Italy first occupied, and then the German Wehrmacht, the land and deportation of the Jewish population began.
In 1959, the prince, Rainier 3, dissolved the constitution of 1911 and the elected bodies. In 1962 he restored these bodies and introduced a new constitutional constitution. In 1963, French President de Gaulle blocked Monaco in anger that the country was a tax-free place for French citizens. Relations with France, including taxation, are regulated in agreements from 1963. Monaco joined the UN in 1993.
The Monte Carlo gaming bank, which was established in 1858, has been a source of income alongside tourism and finance. In recent years, there has been a focus on broader business development, as well as measures to curb the criticism of money laundering.
In 2005 Rainier 3 died, and son Albert 2 was sworn in as new prince. Since Albert was unmarried when he took over the throne, a constitutional amendment was made so that the Grimaldi genus can also be continued along a female line. In July 2011, Albert first married Charlene Wittstock.
History. – The first years of the principality of Albert II, who ascended the throne on the death of his father Ranieri III (April 2005), were characterized by a constant commitment to environmental issues and by the promises of greater international cooperation in financial matters and the fight against ‘tax evasion. This resulted in the signing of an agreement by which the Principality, at the request of the Italian authorities, undertook to transmit tax information on the accounts of suspect citizens (March 2015).
In the elections of February 2008, the Monegasque political system saw a new victory of the centrist coalition Union pour Monaco (UPM) with 52.2% of the votes (21 seats out of 24), while the conservatives of Rassemblement & Enjeux, with 40, 5%, took only 3 seats. Instead, they – united with other minor forces in the Horizon Monaco coalition – in the elections of February 2013 obtained 50.3% of the preferences (20 seats), compared to 39% of the UfM (3 seats). Meanwhile, in March 2010, Michel Roger took over as prime minister (minister of state) from Jean-Paul Proust, who had been in office since June 2005.
On 10 December 2014, Princess Charlene, a former South African swimmer married to Albert II since July 2011, gave birth to twins, Gabriella and Crown Prince Jacques.